Songwriter

A songwriter is a person who writes lyrics and composes music. In hip-hop, writers are often referred to as “producers” and “emcees.”

Record Producer

Record producers oversee all aspects of a production from the recording to the final mix. Duties commonly include composing music, coaching the artist during studio recording and supervising the audio mixing and mastering. They may produce work independently or for artists under contract.

Executive Producer

The executive is one who is in charge of the business-related aspects of the production, such as hiring, managing, and financing. Additionally, they often perform the duties of a record producer. Executives typically work for production companies but may also work independently.

Audio (Recording) Engineer

An audio engineer focuses on technical aspects of recording. Responsibilities include sound reinforcement, microphone placement, leveling, recording, and mixing. They may also operate systems for live events.

Mixing Engineer

A mixing engineer combines all the individual elements of a production together. They work to create a balance between the instruments, vocals, and effects in a process known as “mixing.”

Mastering Engineer

Mastering engineers prepare the final mix for distribution via CD, streaming, vinyl and other listening formats. Generally, this is done in an acoustically treated environment using specialized equipment, such as low distortion speakers, frequency spectrum analyzers, and signal processors.